Name Region Volume (24h) Fees Fiat money Pairs Top pairs Features News
Unknown 924,354.65 BTC
Maker
0.02%
0%
Taker
0.05%
0.0153%
671 (27%)
(21%)
(5%)
Futures contract
(125x leverage)
20% fee discount
Seychelles 918,435.28 BTC
Maker
0.1%
-0.015%
Taker
0.1%
0.032%
102 (45%)
(16%)
(16%)
Futures contract
(250x leverage)
Options contract
10% fee discount
Crypto market crash in October marked end of ‘easy yield’ era: BitMEX
Unknown 166,658.79 BTC
0.1%
0%




And much more...
2544 (18%)
(17%)
(9%)
Margin trading
20% fee discount
Over 19,000 BTC Withdrawn From Exchanges as Binance FUD Resurfaces
Cayman-Islands 89,494.28 BTC
Maker
0.1%
0.02%
Taker
0.1%
0.0338%
1105 (64%)
(22%)
(0%)
Margin trading
Futures contract
(100x leverage)
Up to $3,000
in rewards
BitMart: The Ultimate Launchpad for the "Altcoin Hunter"
Saint-Vincent-and-the-Grenadines 78,161.51 BTC
Maker
0.08%
0.006%
Taker
0.1%
0.03%
591 (35%)
(30%)
(7%)
Futures contract
(125x leverage)
Surviving the Capitulation: How Bitunix’s Dual-Price Mechanism Protects You from Unfair Crypto Liquidations
Canada 61,541.55 BTC
Maker
0.2%
0.02%
Taker
0.2%
0.06%
1302 (48%)
(19%)
(16%)
Futures contract
(100x leverage)
Biconomy Exchange to List Patos: Top 30 CEX Confirms Listing
Panama 60,068.88 BTC
Maker
0.03%
0%
Taker
0.05%
0%
15 (81%)
(13%)
(4%)
Futures contract
(100x leverage)
Options contract
10% fee discount
TRON Daily Report – 2026-01-22: TRX Consolidates Near $0.30 as MetaMask Integration & Deribit Options Bolster Utility Rails
Seychelles 55,935.87 BTC 0.2% 256 (79%)
(8%)
(2%)
Patos Meme Coin Listing on Azbit (SPOT) Exchange (CoinGabbar Report)
Singapore 54,644.02 BTC
Maker
0.06%
0.02%
Taker
0.07%
0.06%
1002 (44%)
(22%)
(5%)
Up to $3,000
in rewards
Bitrue Launches 200,000 XRP Trading Event to Mark Start of 2026
Singapore 53,541.07 BTC
Maker
0.1%
0.02%
Taker
0.1%
0.05%
349 (71%)
(17%)
(2%)
Futures contract
(100x leverage)
Trapped funds on Pionex global site - inconsistent policy
Singapore 52,311.73 BTC
0.2%
0.01%
470 (57%)
(9%)
(5%)
Futures contract
(200x leverage)
BYDFi or CoinW? Looking for the path of least resistance
Singapore 50,698.58 BTC
Maker
0.2%
0.02%
Taker
0.2%
0.06%
466 (40%)
(31%)
(5%)
Futures contract
(100x leverage)
RWAMP Launches Initial Exchange Offering on Coinstore: Digital Ownership Backed by Real-World Assets
Hong-Kong 49,671.37 BTC
Maker
0.2%
0.02%
Taker
0.2%
0.06%
1142 (29%)
(11%)
(11%)
Futures contract
(125x leverage)
15% fee discount
LBank Unveils New Year Crypto Campaign
United-Arab-Emirates 48,550.38 BTC
0.2%
0.02%
1697 (28%)
(15%)
(3%)
Margin trading
20% fee discount
Hong-Kong 48,283.11 BTC
Maker
0.1%
-0.005%
Taker
0.1%
0.02%


1168 (43%)
(29%)
(4%)
U.S. SEC Commissioner: Rules Should Not Hinder Tokenization Progress | KuCoin
Seychelles 45,173.52 BTC
Maker
0%
0%
Taker
0.01%
0%
2662 (36%)
(20%)
(3%)
Futures contract
(125x leverage)
Binance and Franklin Templeton Launch Tokenized MMF Collateral Program | MEXC News
United-States-of-America 37,448.34 BTC
Maker
0.4%
0%
Taker
0.6%
0.05%


495 (39%)
(17%)
(9%)
Margin trading
Stop orders
API sandbox
Coinbase Pro data disappeared (inflating my tax bill)
Singapore 36,851.67 BTC
Maker
0.15%
0%
Taker
0.2%
0.01%
625 (28%)
(10%)
(9%)
Futures contract
(100x leverage)
Options contract
$30,000 Deposit
Rewards
Best & Safe Crypto Exchange for US Users? OKX, MEXC, Bybit, BYDFi?
Indonesia 35,875.31 BTC
Maker
0.2%
0.1%
Taker
0.21%
0.11%

41 (52%)
(18%)
(8%)
Review Aplikasi Reku
Singapore 35,562.34 BTC
Maker
0.15%
0%
Taker
0.3%
0.044%


605 (40%)
(22%)
(19%)
Seychelles 35,157.93 BTC
Maker
0.1%
0.02%
Taker
0.1%
0.05%
357 (34%)
(21%)
(21%)
Futures contract
(200x leverage)
Cayman-Islands 32,647.32 BTC
Maker
0.1%
0%
Taker
0.1%
0.02%


4639 (47%)
(11%)
(4%)
20% fee discount
Seychelles 30,963.76 BTC
Maker
0.18%
-0.01%
Taker
0.36%
0.03%


725 (32%)
(23%)
(5%)
Futures contract
(100x leverage)
Best & Safe Crypto Exchange for US Users? OKX, MEXC, Bybit, BYDFi?
Singapore 28,127.94 BTC
Maker
0.15%
0%
Taker
0.2%
0.08%
790 (44%)
(24%)
(4%)
Margin trading
Futures contract
(100x leverage)
South-Korea 27,737.00 BTC
0.25%
0.05%

689 (14%)
(14%)
(13%)
XRP Withdrawals Surge: Upbit Sees New Record High
Seychelles 27,717.52 BTC
Maker
0.2%
0.006%
Taker
0.2%
0.03%
901 (44%)
(21%)
(6%)
Futures contract
(100x leverage)
Official Apology statement from Toobit
Estonia 26,050.88 BTC
Maker
0.1%
0.01%
Taker
0.1%
0.035%

770 (19%)
(13%)
(3%)
Margin trading WhiteBIT banned in Russia as “undesirable”. Russia’s Prosecutor General said the platform backed Ukraine-linked fundraising, triggering a nationwide halt under the law on undesirable organizations.
Seychelles 25,536.18 BTC
Maker
0.1%
0.016%
Taker
0.1%
0.0256%


736 (46%)
(11%)
(2%)
Futures contract
(125x leverage)
20% fee discount
Bear Market Strategy: Community Programs Like Bitget's Fan Club vs. Panic Selling
United-States-of-America 23,437.08 BTC
Maker
0.25%
0%
Taker
0.4%
0.001%


1432 (21%)
(13%)
(9%)
Futures contract
(50x leverage)
Margin trading
Dark pool
BitGo Instant
🐸 $PEP Trading is NOW LIVE on Kraken, With Litecoin Support & Billboard Push
Australia 22,040.95 BTC
Maker
0.2%
0.0125%
Taker
0.2%
0.0375%
462 (27%)
(15%)
(4%)
Futures contract
(125x leverage)
Has anyone had their Hotcoin account suspended for 'frequent orders'?
Estonia 21,509.56 BTC 0.15%
154 (22%)
(18%)
(14%)
Cape will be listed on indoex and BTSE on 27 Feb!
Singapore 20,544.57 BTC
Maker
0.2%
-0.015%
Taker
0.2%
0.02%
724 (41%)
(34%)
(5%)
Margin trading
Futures contract
We are 3rd in top 10 gain on ascendex exchange
Seychelles 20,091.03 BTC
Maker
0.2%
0.0094%
Taker
0.2%
0.0163%


670 (15%)
(13%)
(5%)
20% fee discount We can make pep viral by commenting on all the viral posts of the day plus the exchanges , we got noticed by htx by the way , raid the above
Canada 19,694.19 BTC
Maker
0.1%
0.04%
Taker
0.1%
0.006%
797 (37%)
(19%)
(6%)
Futures contract
(200x leverage)
BVOX New User Campaign Is Now Live – Don’t Miss Your Exclusive Rewards!
Singapore 18,142.02 BTC
Maker
0.1%
0.02%
Taker
0.1%
0.05%
1008 (36%)
(16%)
(10%)
Futures contract
(150x leverage)
5% fee discount
Operating Copy Trading on BingX
Unknown 17,573.75 BTC
0.15%
0.05%

120 (65%)
(20%)
(3%)
Futures contract
(10x leverage)
BitDelta is thrilled to announce the official listing of the metaverse gaming token $ATOZ from the @racekingdom_io project on our spot exchange platform. Dive into trading and immerse yourself in the gaming experience!
South-Korea 17,105.05 BTC
0.25%
0%
447 (22%)
(17%)
(16%)
South Korea Exchange Bithumb Admits System Flaws Caused $40 Billion Bitcoin Error
Lithuania 16,229.03 BTC
Maker
0.2%
0.01%
Taker
0.2%
0.1%

151 (25%)
(24%)
(20%)
P2B сryptocurrency exchange | Buy and sell Bitcoin, Ether on the crypto trading platform
Panama 15,543.29 BTC
Maker
0.2%
-0.005%
Taker
0.2%
0.07%

973 (43%)
(17%)
(6%)
Futures contract
(100x leverage)
Margin trading
10% fee discount
💪 Poloniex exchange announces support for the upcoming eCash (XEC) network upgrade! ⚙️
United-States-of-America 13,591.41 BTC
Maker
0.02%
0%
Taker
0.05%
0.01%
343 (55%)
(18%)
(7%)
Futures contract
(50x leverage)
Cayman-Islands 13,126.04 BTC
Maker
0.1%
0%
Taker
0.1%
0.0325%
495 (44%)
(12%)
(6%)
Futures contract
(150x leverage)
5% fee discount
Blofin Review
United-Kingdom 10,539.02 BTC
Maker
0.3%
0%
Taker
0.4%
0.006%



295 (57%)
(7%)
(5%)
Stop order
Ripple gateway
BitGo Instant
Bitstamp fait des contrôles de KYC ou essaie de voler nos fonds ?
Singapore 9,411.22 BTC
Maker
0.1%
0%
Taker
0.1%
0.0325%

635 (31%)
(9%)
(8%)
Margin trading Trade Stocks & Precious Metals 24/7 on Phemex TradFi – Crypto-Style Futures for Gold, Silver, TSLA & More
British-Virgin-Islands 8,951.38 BTC
Maker
0.2%
-0.02%
Taker
0.2%
0.036%


1211 (30%)
(23%)
(3%)
Futures contract
(100x leverage)
SRX listed on BTSE
Singapore 8,168.27 BTC
Maker
0.2%
0.06%
Taker
0.2%
0.07%
261 (40%)
(18%)
(13%)
Margin trading
10% fee discount
Hacker steals $27 million in BigONE exchange crypto breach
Spain 6,707.85 BTC
Maker
0.5%
0%
Taker
0.6%
0.001%



316 (33%)
(19%)
(15%)
ODDO BHF Launches EUROD Euro-Backed Stablecoin on Bit2Me Crypto Exchange
United-Kingdom 6,308.93 BTC
Maker
0.4%
0%
Taker
0.55%
0.02%

102 (48%)
(17%)
(14%)
Another Exchange „TrubitPro“ listed CKB
British-Virgin-Islands 5,832.81 BTC 0%

238 (36%)
(20%)
(10%)
Margin trading
BitGo Instant
Bitfinex still not complying to EU laws lol
Netherlands 5,284.61 BTC
Maker
0.15%
0%
Taker
0.25%
0.01%


449 (36%)
(13%)
(12%)
Bitvavo – €50 crypto bonus bij storting en handel
Singapore 5,001.41 BTC
0.3%
0.1%
611 (46%)
(7%)
(1%)
Futures contract
(200x leverage)
Best & Safe Crypto Exchange for US Users? OKX, MEXC, Bybit, BYDFi?
United-States-of-America 3,585.94 BTC
Maker
0.2%
0%
Taker
0.4%
0.03%

397 (24%)
(24%)
(24%)
API sandbox Gemini 3 Finally Pushed Me Over the Edge
Ukraine 2,541.22 BTC 0.2%
121 (25%)
(21%)
(11%)
💎 SOULB - a New Token Coming to Qmall Exchange in Just a Few Days!
Turkey 2,413.49 BTC
Maker
0.25%
0%
Taker
0.35%
0.06%

264 (9%)
(4%)
(4%)
Unknown 2,086.04 BTC
Maker
0.1%
-0.01%
Taker
0.25%
0.04%
1092 (36%)
(24%)
(6%)
Futures contract
(100x leverage)
Margin trading
[FORENSIC DATA] Deep Dive into the Alleged Changelly/HitBTC Nexus.
Saint-Kitts-and-Nevis 2,042.34 BTC
Maker
0.1%
0.031%
Taker
0.5%
0.031%

650 (36%)
(25%)
(6%)
BCH market
Margin trading
Futures contract
(75x leverage)
Malta 1,989.36 BTC
0.1%
0.01%

157 (37%)
(25%)
(6%)
Crypto exchange CrossTower inks deal to acquire prime brokerage Bequant
Poland 1,932.16 BTC
Maker
0.49%
0%
Taker
0.98%
0.04%
1228 (67%)
(23%)
(5%)
$50 credit Another major exchange (LATOKEN) has decided to list both Zano and fUSD!
Hong-Kong 1,882.24 BTC
Maker
0.2%
-0.02%
Taker
0.2%
0.04%

1443 (26%)
(15%)
(5%)
Margin trading
Stop Limit
Futures contract
7.5% fee discount
CoinEx Monthly Spotlights (Jan 2026)
Seychelles 1,863.88 BTC
Maker
0.1%
0%
Taker
0.1%
0.03%
343 (40%)
(27%)
(7%)
Futures contract
(100x leverage)
Chile 1,827.63 BTC
Maker
0.28%
0.04%
Taker
0.59%
0.06%


119 (41%)
(28%)
(7%)
Estonia 1,618.87 BTC 0.2% 60 (9%)
(8%)
(7%)
BitsPay Exchange will list Patos Meme Coin | 4th Cex Confirmation in 24 days (1 per 6 days avg)
Turkey 1,346.88 BTC
Maker
0.12%
0.01%
Taker
0.2%
0.01%

351 (6%)
(5%)
(5%)
Nuovo furto BTCTurk hot wallet: sottratti 48 milioni di dollari in Turchia
Indonesia 1,343.24 BTC
Maker
0.31%
0.246%
Taker
0.31%
0.258%

983 (14%)
(2%)
(2%)
Pertanyaan buat yang nge trade di binance lalu wd di tokocrypto
United-Kingdom 1,339.51 BTC
Maker
0.3%
-0.05%
Taker
0.3%
0.02%




And much more...
189 (17%)
(10%)
(7%)
Beware exmocryptoexchange.com and random friend requests if you belong to a travel group
Japan 1,274.50 BTC
0.1%
0.03%
8 (74%)
(19%)
(5%)
Margin trading
(15x leverage)
Bitflyer services some facts to learn
Singapore 1,153.24 BTC
Maker
0.1%
0.04%
Taker
0.1%
0.06%
195 (38%)
(31%)
(3%)
Futures contract
(125x leverage)
Liquidity and Trading Options: BTCC vs Deepcoin - Which Exchange Offers More?
Argentina 1,093.21 BTC 0.1% 15 (45%)
(33%)
(8%)
EHOLD Group Acquires Argentinian Crypto Exchange C-Patex Newcryptocurrencynews.com
Japan 951.55 BTC
Maker
0.05%
0%
Taker
0.1%
0%
25 (90%)
(6%)
(3%)
Interest on deposit Coincheck Group Acquires 3iQ for $112M, Bolstering Global Digital Asset Reach
Japan 916.24 BTC
0.12%
-0.02%
62 (40%)
(28%)
(16%)
South-Korea 820.08 BTC
Maker
0.2%
0%
Taker
0.2%
0.01%
395 (22%)
(22%)
(13%)
Margin trading Coinbase to Invest in South Korean Crypto Exchange Coinone
Thailand 738.65 BTC 0.25%
248 (47%)
(26%)
(7%)
TON is going global: Thailand’s Bitkub just onboarded TON for DeFi education.
Switzerland 711.14 BTC
Maker
0.1%
-0.015%
Taker
0.2%
0.0263%
495 (4%)
(4%)
(4%)
Futures contract
(100x leverage)
Unknown 553.88 BTC
0.2%
0.06%
345 (30%)
(17%)
(5%)
No KYC required NonKyc.io just launched the first ZANO/FUSD pair
Mexico 502.82 BTC
Maker
0.5%
0.04%
Taker
0.65%
0.05%


99 (22%)
(14%)
(7%)
Compra de Bitcoin en exchange que no sea Bitso
Japan 476.19 BTC
0.05%
-0.01%
18 (52%)
(21%)
(16%)
Margin trading
South-Africa 453.70 BTC
Maker
0%
-0.01%
Taker
0.1%
0.01%

163 (81%)
(6%)
(2%)
VALR recently completed a Proof of Reserves audit:
United-Arab-Emirates 411.32 BTC
Maker
0.08%
0%
Taker
0.1%
0.018%
55 (41%)
(34%)
(15%)
Futures contract
(10x leverage)
Backpack Exchange to Add Stock Trading, Nasdaq and NYSE Access Coming
Thailand 394.11 BTC
0.25%
0.1%

584 (45%)
(13%)
(6%)
Taiwan 339.41 BTC
Maker
0.1%
0.01%
Taker
0.2%
0.036%

35 (69%)
(8%)
(5%)
BitoPro exchange links Lazarus hackers to $11 million crypto heist
India 321.35 BTC 0.25%
289 (9%)
(7%)
(7%)
Australia 243.82 BTC
0.5%
0.02%
164 (48%)
(25%)
(3%)
South-Africa 198.90 BTC
Maker
0.4%
0%
Taker
0.6%
0.03%


134 (19%)
(18%)
(11%)
Tax on Luno Trades
Brazil 172.88 BTC
Maker
0.25%
0.02%
Taker
0.5%
0.15%


140 (40%)
(24%)
(9%)
United-States-of-America 164.55 BTC
Maker
0.38%
0%
Taker
0.57%
0.0475%
217 (23%)
(14%)
(12%)
Brazil 147.74 BTC
Maker
0.3%
0.015%
Taker
0.7%
0.25%


401 (34%)
(29%)
(7%)
Australia 145.27 BTC
0.2%
-0.05%

43 (48%)
(35%)
(6%)
Brazil 122.56 BTC
Maker
0.25%
0.015%
Taker
0.5%
0.1%


592 (48%)
(24%)
(22%)
South-Korea 108.09 BTC
Maker
0.05%
0%
Taker
0.15%
0.05%
5 (51%)
(32%)
(15%)
BitGo Instant Korbit hit with nearly $2 million fine over widespread AML and KYC failures
Brazil 96.74 BTC
0.2%
0%


178 (45%)
(39%)
(7%)
Cadastro via PIX
South-Korea 81.57 BTC 0.2%
136 (42%)
(36%)
(4%)
Binance has reportedly completed its acquisition of local crypto exchange Gopax - BINANCE BACK IN SOUTH KOREA!
India 69.06 BTC
Maker
0.5%
0.008%
Taker
0.5%
0.035%

413 (36%)
(19%)
(9%)
Margin trading
Futures contract
Getbit and CoinDCX spread comparison.
Canada 51.81 BTC 0.2%
75 (34%)
(19%)
(15%)
NDax Users Data and Privacy Breech
Brazil 50.57 BTC
Maker
0.2%
0.05%
Taker
0.5%
0.12%


81 (39%)
(18%)
(16%)
Pagamento de
boletos
Estonia 35.70 BTC
Maker
0.3%
0%
Taker
0.45%
0.01%


178 (18%)
(14%)
(11%)
Zondacrypto, the cryptocurrency exchange, extends its partnership with Pogoń Szczecin for another year.
India 35.49 BTC 0.2%
102 (77%)
(10%)
(4%)
ARK added to Bitcoiva exchange
Czech-Republic 34.71 BTC
Maker
0.4%
-0.04%
Taker
0.6%
0.1%

15 (65%)
(19%)
(7%)
New Scam Exchange coinmate.global
Brazil 27.58 BTC
Maker
0.25%
0%
Taker
0.5%
0.1%



35 (50%)
(23%)
(13%)
Panama 23.19 BTC
5%
0%




And much more...
62 (29%)
(17%)
(15%)
No KYC required
Reputation system
Escrow
10% fee discount
India 21.75 BTC
0.25%
0.03%

224 (33%)
(28%)
(16%)
Bitbns withdrawal or transfer to anyother exchanges
United-Arab-Emirates 18.25 BTC 0.1% 15 (49%)
(13%)
(8%)
Kinesis gold and silver tradeable on Emirex exchange https://www.valuewalk.com/kinesis-gold-and-silver-tradeable-on-emirex-exchange/
United-States-of-America 16.56 BTC 0.1%
4 (96%)
(3%)
(0%)
Netherlands 10.13 BTC 0.8%
1 (100%) Bitonic – €10 for trading €100 worth of BTC + €10 to refer (EU only)
Japan 9.93 BTC
0.3%
0%
35 (64%)
(33%)
(0%)
Thailand 7.15 BTC 0.25%
55 (50%)
(33%)
(11%)
Isle-of-Man 7.07 BTC 1%
2 (98%)
(1%)
Credit/Debit cards final post - would it be better living in the UK to start buying bitcoin (1£ a day) with CoinCorner or Strike ? After had my first bitcoin video call with David at Reli.
Chile 6.56 BTC
Maker
0.4%
0.1%
Taker
0.8%
0.2%
7 (89%)
(5%)
(2%)
Nigeria 6.51 BTC
0.3%
0.1%

49 (27%)
(20%)
(15%)
Italy 5.51 BTC 0%

9 (86%)
(5%)
(4%)
OneTrading is reaching out that they have some funds for me
United-Kingdom 3.53 BTC
Maker
0.15%
0%
Taker
0.25%
0.01%



337 (14%)
(14%)
(12%)
Margin trading
GHS Trading
Cloud Mining
Credit/Debit cards
India 3.17 BTC
0.4%
0.1%

504 (34%)
(11%)
(8%)
Stop Limit Madras High Court eclares crypto as "property". Case against WazirX. Zanmai/WazirX must preserve holdings of users.
Croatia 1.19 BTC
Maker
0.1%
0.05%
Taker
0.5%
0.05%


49 (51%)
(19%)
(16%)
Stop limit Croatian exchange BitKonan will stick to Core developers: There is only one Bitcoin
India 0.41 BTC
0.3%
0.2%

189 (28%)
(21%)
(6%)
United-Kingdom 0.37 BTC 0%
5 (72%)
(23%)
(4%)
Bittylicious Thailand - NOW LIVE
United-Kingdom 0.24 BTC
Maker
0.4%
0%
Taker
0.45%
0.06%

23 (25%)
(25%)
(22%)
Margin trading
Brazil 0.13 BTC
0.5%
0.1%

66 (91%)
(2%)
(1%)
Digitracom
New-Zealand 0.00 BTC
0.8%
0.4%
1 (100%) Floating Orders Kiwi-Coin (Est. 2014) Shuts Jan 1, 2026 - NZ OG BTC Exchange Latest De-Risking Casualty
Germany 0.00 BTC 0.4% 88 (31%)
(28%)
(9%)
Yenten on Exbitron
Brazil 0.00 BTC 0.12%
1 (100%)
Unknown 0 BTC 0.2% 42 No KYC required
Slovenia 0 BTC
Maker
0.5%
0.01%
Taker
0.5%
0.03%


0 Mining What are you guys doing with NiceHash payouts? Hold, sell, or DCA into other coins?
Indonesia 0 BTC
Maker
0.21%
0.2%
Taker
0.31%
0.3%

499 FAAS | DigiAsia Corp (FAAS) Partners with Indodax to Power Fiat Transfers for Indonesia's Largest Crypto Exchange
Australia 0 BTC
Maker
0.1%
-0.01%
Taker
0.1%
0.01%
97 Futures contract
(100x leverage)
Seychelles 0 BTC
Maker
0.08%
0%
Taker
0.1%
0.03%
0 Futures contract
(50x leverage)
Options contract
Brazil 0 BTC 0% 44 CONHEÇA A MOEDA B2U Coin | a criptomoeda da Exchange Bitcointoyou - Dicas sobre Bitcoin - mais rápido rápido
Brazil 0 BTC 0.2%
1 One Of The Largest Brazilian Banks Bradesco Shuts Down Accounts Of Crypto Exchange Bitblue
127 exchanges from 42 countries (updated )